5G: The Hype, the Hope and the Must Have? | Energy Central

Feb 8, 2021 | Article

5G: The Hype, the Hope and the Must Have?

Published via Energy Central

By: Ron Chebra, VP of Grid Modernization
rchebra@enernex.com
865-218-4600 x8108

 

 

Cellular carriers have invested significant marketing dollars in promoting their 5G cellular services, touting lightning speeds, universal access and amazing streaming video services that this next generation of connectivity will provide. In their effort to entice customers to jump to their network there has been a proliferation of future capabilities that have set expectations that may take some time to realize.

What is all the hype about 5G?

There are many advancements that are at the core of 5G that indeed can provide increased speed performance over earlier generations, the International Mobile Telecommunications 2020 standard (IMT-2020) identified 8 fundamental requirements improvements over 4G, as shown in the following chart:

To achieve these, a “Family” of 5G services have been identified, namely, Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB); Utra-Reliable and Low Latency (URLLC) and Massive Machine-type Communications (mMTC). Each of these legs of the offering triangle have their respective targets, including All Data, all the time; mission critical applications and billions of “internet connected” devices.

While the 5G family covers the gamut of these, carriers are deploying their infrastructure where they foresee the largest customer need and greatest revenue potential. This may or may not align with the needs that utilities have today for monitoring and control.

What is the hope of 5G through the eyes of a utility?

Based on a recent study commissioned by DSTAR on this technology there is great potential that wireless communications can unlock.  There is a growing need for more sensors to monitor the conditions of the distribution networks, be the electric, gas or water.  Data that is captured on current state of conditions is being used for growing analysis and analytics to better manage, inform and provide situational awareness. Increased use of edge computing is pushing intelligence at the point of control, with the need to have timely upstream and downstream insights that is blend distributed intelligence with common control.

Sensors and computing are becoming commoditized; robust, secure and reliable communications networks are becoming more prolific and standardized, and the science of data use, interpretation and management is becoming a dominant force.

While the urgency for high capacity pipes that can support transportation of Gbits may not be acute in the utility space, sensor networks and wireless SCADA are clear targets of need. In particular, as more and more distributed energy resources are interconnected and integrated into the distribution systems, intelligent controllers will need to be orchestrated by the utility. Just as the IT environment has migrated from mainframes (central power plants) to laptops (DER) enabled by information internetworking, so too will network communications with non-centrally located asset be required.

The hope is that standardization and long-term availability and suitability of these communications networks will outlive the field sensors and back office systems.

Will 5G be the must have of the utility industry?

The need for secure field communications networks will increase as the geographic diversity of assets increases. Whether utilities subscribe to common carrier services to provide these pathways or if owned assets such as licensed spectrum, which a number of utilities own or are purchasing, are the means by which connectivity is achieved; the need for digital wireless field area networks are on the must have list.

The foundational tools that carriers are deploying for their commercial offerings are being tailored to meet the network slicing requirements for utility applications and are also being leveraged to be the core platforms that utilities are using to deploy their own Private Long Term Evolution (P-LTE) infrastructures.

The future outlook for digital wireless communications is strong and holds great potential to achieve the balance of awareness and control required to sustain the energy needs in this changing world.

Closing thoughts:

  • 5G networks will eventually fulfil the hype of services that the carriers are promising, but the timing and direction with which they pursue deployment may not be directly influenced by the needs of the utility.
  • Robust, secure and prolific wireless networks will grow as more distributed assets are deployed.
  • Utilities may be reluctant to rely exclusively on carriers for essential and mission-critical services; private wireless networks will be deployed as owned assets when economic and service requirements make prudent investments.

About the Author

Ron Chebra, Vice President of Grid Modernization with EnerNex, is a recognized thought leader and industry expert in utility modernization. He has deep operating knowledge of technology solutions in areas such as microgrids, battery energy storage, renewable energy integration, smart grid, distribution automation, advanced metering infrastructure, demand response and “Behind the Meter” technologies. He provides strategic consulting services to leading energy organizations and to industry suppliers of products and services. Ron is a frequent contributor to leading industry journals and has previously been the Chairman of the Smart Cities/IoT Track for DistribuTECH. Ron has over 35 years of experience, including previous positions with Verizon Enterprise Solutions, Schneider Electric and DNV GL.

Smart Metering (SM) and Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)

Smart Metering and AMI is a transformational process addressing multiple business and technical needs of the utility enterprise. This is more than just smart meters and communications networks; it includes all of the back end applications that can leverage the meter assets, such as outage notification, demand response, call center optimization, disputed billing process handling, pre-payment opportunities, and service connection management methods and procedures, to name a few.

Implementing SM and AMI faces the same business, engineering, and operational challenges as any other across-the-utility information technology endeavors – most notably risk associated with embracing proprietary technology, missing functionality and early obsolescence. Effective SM and AMI development, implementation, and operation relies on a marriage of electric power engineering with information technology expertise: a key component of EnerNex’s expertise and experience.

EnerNex provides an array of engineering and consulting services geared towards intelligent and effective implementation of SM and AMI. This covers all phases of project development, starting with capturing system requirements where our experts leverage a “Use Case” centric view of activities needed to be accomplished and their interaction with systems and other users. Subsequent project steps typically examine other critical areas, such as: modeling of business cases, building inter-department consensus, assembling and assessing system functional requirements and non-functional requirements, developing a system design, hardware and software specifications and standards, complete procurement services including RFI and RFQ process support, supplier rating system, response evaluation methodology, deployment management, and training of office and field personnel.

Demand Response (DR)

Demand response can be as simple as load interruption directed by the energy supplier in response to severe demand requirements, to complex customer defined load management in response to price signals. DR is one of the components of a “Non-Wires Alternative” that many utilities are effectively using to avoid expensive distribution fortification or upgrade.

 

Often the success and/or failure of demand response programs can be linked to program implementation challenges such as rate/tariff design rate structures communication (e.g. price signals) or ineffective incentives used by utilities to encourage customers to accept operational change. The issues of program design, rate structure and customer impact have a tremendous influence on the success or failure of load management initiatives. Demand response has traditionally been used as a tool of the energy industry to ensure system stability. However, the introduction of microelectronics, communications, home automation and the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to the development of cost effective solutions that have the capability to allow the consumer to take control of managing their energy load and ultimately, the price they pay for energy.

EnerNex has the experience and skills to turn your DR program into a successful operational asset and customer engagement process that can deliver value to all parties.

Energy Assurance Planning

Natural and man-made disasters cause an estimated $57B in average annual costs for all parties; large single events have resulted in losses of $100B or more. Events, such as the World Trade Center disaster, Hurricane Katrina, and most recently Hurricane Helene, have demonstrated an acute need to revisit, revise and implement an effective energy assurance plan. Energy assurance plans assess the functionality and interdependencies of buildings and infrastructure systems and the role they play in sustaining service and rapidly restoring critical services to a community following a hazard event.

 

EnerNex assists our clients in developing comprehensive energy assurance plans that mitigate and minimize the impact of energy disruptions. Our experts assess critical infrastructure risks and evaluate appropriate mitigation strategies and can help in developing an effective business continuity/disaster recovery (BC/DR) plan for utilities and your customers.

Microgrid Development

As the electric grid becomes more distributed and interactive, microgrids are playing an increasingly important role in our energy future. Decision makers at military bases, corporate and institutional campuses, residential communities and critical facilities across the world are exploring and implementing microgrids to meet economic, resiliency and environmental goals. Utility-grade microgrids are being deployed to meet transmission constraints, reliability requirements and safe-havens in the event of a significant storm event.

Microgrid_development Graphic steps to support grid modernization

Bringing together a portfolio of distributed energy resources into a controllable, islandable microgrid comes with its own set of challenges. The key to solving these challenges is in architecting a system to support information exchanges between components across well-defined points of interoperability (interfaces) in a technology independent manner. This interoperability ensures that the system is resilient to technology change. Modern systems engineering techniques must be employed to ensure that individual sub‐systems are clearly identified, their functions enumerated, their data requirements known, and the points of interoperability clearly specified, along with the commensurate monitoring, command and control that is needed to ensure grid stability. With such architecture, we can apply best of breed technology available today to support those information exchanges at interface boundaries but be free to upgrade / change the implementation technology later without causing a ripple effect throughout the system.

Enterprise Architecture

Enterprise Architecture focuses on aligning an organization’s business strategies with its anticipated, desired and planned technology enhancements. Enterprise Architecture provides a framework to cost-effectively transition from a current “as-is” technology to future enterprise-wide technological solutions. An effective Enterprise Architecture program aligns business investments with long-term business strategies while minimizing risk and providing superior technological solutions. EnerNex’s key asset is its highly skilled and experienced staff who are closely connected to both the smart grid and EA standards and practices. We provide clients with the insight necessary to operate a fully functioning smart grid, which is flexible, scalable, and vendor independent.

Grid Modernization Roadmap

Utility companies across the globe are continually modernizing their grid. Each company often has different rationales, objectives and priorities. Frequently, smart grid plans are developed for individual, incremental initiatives, rather than as a part of a whole, intelligent and interoperable infrastructure. Planning may be developed around technology choices rather than business and technical requirements. The result of incremental and flawed planning leads to increased cost and risk, lost opportunities, disconnected expectations and dead ends.

 

EnerNex’s approach to grid modernization roadmap development follows a proven, industry-standard approach to grid modernization planning by collaboratively working with the utility to develop a set of prioritized and time-phased grid modernization initiatives unique to its business strategy and objectives. The roadmap developed is holistic, requirements-based, business value driven and actionable. It often builds on and leverages existing applications and infrastructure, and incorporates industry standards to ensure interoperability, flexibility and reduced cost and risk.

Utility Communications

Utility communication and control systems are increasingly interconnected to each other and to public networks and as a result, they are becoming increasingly more susceptible to disruptions and cyber attacks. EnerNex has experience with the various issues relating to development, implementation and optimization including feasibility analysis, design, software development and customization, project management and acceptance. Our expertise extends from being involved in the development of the fundamental standards that support utility communication and automation, through deployment and securing of those resources. EnerNex personnel were heavily involved in development of such standards and protocols as IEC 61850, IEC 60870-5 and DNp3. Our staff played a key role in the EPRI Utility Communication Architecture (UCA) project and the IntelliGrid Architecture effort.

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