Public Service Company of New Mexico (PNM)
Grid Modernization Applications
October 2022
EnerNex appreciated the opportunity to assist PNM with their grid modernization strategy, stakeholder outreach, advanced metering infrastructure procurement, and October 3, 2022 rider application to the New Mexico Public Regulatory Commission. Details regarding PNM’s grid modernization plan and regulatory filing can be found at: http://www.pnm.com/grid
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Idaho National Laboratory (INL)
Cybersecurity Guide for Distributed Wind
August 2021
EnerNex contributed to this document which contains the relevant information for stakeholders to identify the cybersecurity needs of their system, refer to relevant standards, and apply best practices in a manner most consistent with their security and operational goals.
READ THE REPORTThe series of follow on reports highlight key actionable insights from the Guide that these stakeholders can use to quickly develop their cybersecurity strategy:
- Cybersecurity for Distributed Wind: What Manufacturers Need to Know
- Cybersecurity for Distributed Wind: What Integrators Need to Know
- Cybersecurity for Distributed Wind: What Operators Need to Know
Idaho National Laboratory (INL)
Resilience Framework for Electric Energy Delivery Systems
July 2021
EnerNex co-authored this report with INL introducing a framework to enable more thoughtful and deliberate consideration of resilience as it relates to electrical energy delivery systems (EEDS), with specific application to distributed wind systems. The framework’s three stages of resilience will enable stakeholders to assess and improve their system’s resilience throughout its lifecycle.
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Energy Systems Integration Group (ESIG)
Blueprint for a National Electric Transmission Authority
July 2021
White paper developed by Bob Zavadil (EnerNex) and Alison Silverstein (Alison Silverstein Consulting). This paper has been developed to flesh out ideas described in ESIG’s “Transmission Planning for 100% Clean Energy” white paper. It reflects the views of the authors and has not been formally adopted by ESIG or the working groups of its membership, but is posted to further constructive discussion and ideas by all.
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Energy Systems Integration Group (ESIG)
Transmission Planning for 100% Clean Electricity
July 2021
The white paper outlines the characteristics of a well-designed macro grid, describes its three stages of development, and offers clear recommendations to guide a diverse group of stakeholders in designing and building an interregional macro grid for the United States.
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U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
Dynamic Line Ratings Report
June 2019
California Energy Commission (CEC)
California Local Energy Assurance Planning (CaLEAP)
Under a DOE American Reinvestment and Recovery Act (ARRA) grant, the California Energy Commission engaged ICF to support the development of Local Energy Assurance Plans (LEAPs) for several California cities. Interconnection requirements and recommendations for the cities included strategies in how to work with the CPUC to modify Rule 21 to allow use of solar systems and smart inverters during outages. ICF subcontracted with EnerNex to leverage their extensive experience in microgrids, resiliency planning and industry-recognized expertise in a broad variety of Smart Grid subjects and technologies. EnerNex coordinated with local municipalities throughout the State to prepare plans, including microgrids, to ensure that key assets are resilient to disaster events that impact energy. EnerNex coordinated with four California cities (Huntington Beach, Berkeley, San Francisco, and Oakland) and surveyed each city’s facilities and prioritized infrastructure enhancement projects to improve their ability to provide their communities a resilient system. The suggested projects included bridging documents and equipment specifications supporting a wide variety of technologies including microgrids, backup generation, and energy efficiency measures. These cities are now using this information to identify state and federal funding resources to begin implementing EnerNex’s recommendations.
Smart Wires Inc.
Security Reviews
EnerNex supported Smart Wires to review their existing product architecture for fundamental cyber security vulnerabilities and its ability to adapt to evolving industry cyber security requirements and best practices. The focus of this effort was to support Smart Wires in evolving their technology from a highly custom architecture to one that employs standards based solutions. EnerNex also provided recommendations and engineering support for Smart Wires second generation of systems.
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California Energy Commission (CEC)
Smart Grid Standards Assessment and Recommendations for Adoption and Development
Applied Research Associates, Inc.
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Disaster Resiliency Project
Erich Gunther, Chairman, CTO and Co—founder of EnerNex, was chosen as one of nine Disaster Resilience Fellows to support NIST over a one—year period developing a Disaster Resilience Framework (Framework) and establishing a Disaster Resilience Standards Panel (DRSP). After Mr. Gunther’s death in mid—2016, Doug Houseman, the EnerNex Vice President of Technology and Innovation, was chosen to succeed him as one of the nine Fellows. NIST has convened the DRSP on disaster resilience standards to continue development of a community—centric resilience framework and provide guidelines for resilient buildings and infrastructure lifelines. This approach, which was included in the President’s Climate Action Plan, required multidisciplinary expertise to develop improved methods communities can use to prepare for, resist, respond to, and recover from hazard events more rapidly and at a lower cost. NIST’s Disaster Resilience Program includes Disaster Resilience Workshops; the Framework; the DRSP Model Resilience Guidelines; and the Community Center of Excellence. The NIST program is intended to be complementary to disaster resilience efforts within the Federal government and the private sector. The Framework will establish the overall performance goals; assess existing standards, codes, and practices; and identify gaps that must be addressed in order to bolster community resilience. The DRSP is to be a self—governing body, initially supported by NIST, which will meet regularly to develop Model Resilience Guidelines for critical buildings and infrastructure lifelines essential to community resilience. The DRSP will also continue the development of the Framework.
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Southern California Edison (SCE)
Smart Grid Technology Development and Integration Roadmap
EnerNex developed a customized technology development and integration roadmap document for the Edison SmartConnect project. This effort included Use Case expansion and revision of the 2006 Phase I use case development and business case artifacts as well as incorporating lessons learned from other utility roadmap development projects focused on SCE’s specific needs and priorities.
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California Energy Commission (CEC), California Institute for Energy and Environment (CIEE)
Programmable Communicating Thermostat (PCT) Reference Design for 2013 CEC Title 24
Under California Energy Commission (CEC) Contract, EnerNex staff created a technical working group and led a series of workshops and teleconferences to capture the information necessary to develop the 2008 PCT Reference Design considered for the 2008 Title 24 Building Energy Efficiency Standards.
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EnerNex prepared this report with EPRI, summarizing the results of the Smart Grid roadmaps assembled by EPRI from 2007 to 2011. The report organizes lessons learned and the methodologies used to develop the roadmaps. The report is intended to serve as a useful reference for companies that already have a Smart Grid roadmap in place and may help justify further efforts to use and update the roadmap efficiently.
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
Transactive Energy White Paper
EnerNex worked with NIST to develop a white paper on transactive energy. The white paper explored the potential drivers for transactive energy, the key challenges associated with developing transactive energy markets, and provided a survey of recent transactive energy pilot programs.
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National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
Testing & Certification Implementation Support
Our technical experts supported the SGIP PAP-23 IEC 61850 testing and certification requirement activities related to Interoperability through Basic Application Profiles (BAP) via requirements for distribution feeder measurements, as well as the evolution of the Interoperability Process Reference Manual (IPRM) into an ANSI/NEMA Standard through the SGIP Smart Grid Testing and Certification Committee. EnerNex personnel drove a multi-stakeholder process to gain wide industry input and support for that standard.
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RedVector.com, Inc.
Municipal Resiliency Practicalities
EnerNex developed and recorded a continuing education presentation entitled “Microgrids and the City – From analysis to case studies” that is marketed and sold by Red Vector on their website.
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California Energy Commission (CEC)
Smart Grid Standards Assessment and Recommendations for Adoption and Development
EnerNex researched and delivered a report on smart grid standards under the Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) program of the California Energy Commission with the goal of addressing four fundamental questions related to standards and technology for building a Smart Grid for California: (1) What new and emerging technologies are on the horizon that impact the Smart Grid of the future; (2) How to avoid incompatible systems being fielded that result in costly replacements ahead of projections (i.e., stranded assets); (3) How to help foster open access, competition and commercial growth of new and exciting technologies that offer energy consumers new ways to meet their energy needs while at the same time saving them money; and (4) Where government can help and where government should stay out (i.e., “What” vs. “How”).
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Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)
LEMNOS Project
The Lemnos Interoperable Security Project is public-private partnership and part of the United States Department of Energy’s (DOE) Cybersecurity for Energy Delivery Systems (CEDS) program and focuses on a cyber security interoperability framework for communications supporting the energy sector. EnerNex supported EPRI in the demonstration of the DOE Lemnos Ipsec Interoperable Configuration Profile (ICP) within its Smart Grid Substation Lab in a multi-vendor configuration. The projects main output was the development of a “how to” configuration guide for setting up a Lemnos compliant IPSec session between an SEL-3620 Ethernet Security Gateway and a CISCO firewall. It also included an evaluation of the effectiveness of as well as development of recommendations for associated testing and conformity goals for the Interoperable Configuration Profile.
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National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP)
Smart Grid Testing & Certification Committee (SGTCC) Interoperability Process Reference Manual (IPRM)
The Smart Grid Testing & Certification Committee (SGTCC) developed and issued the Interoperability Process Reference Manual (IPRM) detailing its recommendations on processes and best practices that enhance the introduction of interoperable products in the market place. These recommendations build upon international standards based processes for interoperability testing and certification. Implementation of the IPRM by Interoperability Testing and Certification Authorities (ITCAs) will increase the quality of standards-based, secure and interoperable products in the Smart Grid marketplace.
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Southern California Edison (SCE)
Irvine Smart Grid Demonstration
Xcel Energy
Grid Modernization Roadmap
In support of Xcel’s Integrated Distribution Plan regulatory filing to the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission, EnerNex worked with ScottMadden to develop a strategic articulation of Xcel’s Grid Modernization investments to enable greater customer engagement, empowerment, and options for energy services. This includes an Advanced Distribution Management System (ADMS), AMI, Field Area Network (FAN), Fault Location Isolation and Service Restoration (FLISR) and Integrated Volt Var Optimization (IVVO) to enable adoption of Distributed Energy Resources (DER).
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Consolidated Edison (ConEd)
Grid Modernization Roadmap
EnerNex was part of a team assisting Con Edison in development of a grid modernization plan in order to provide flexibility, resiliency, reliability, safety and security while adapting to clean and distributed energy resources in relation to the New York Reforming the Energy Vision (REV). EnerNex is reviewing plans for systems upgrades, taking into account the deployment of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), implementation of a distributed energy resource management system (DERMS) and planned updates of operational platforms including field area network telecommunications for distribution management. The grid modernization roadmap was included as a component of the July 2018 Distributed System Implementation Plan (DSIP) filing.
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Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)
Revenue Protection Guidelines for Advanced Metering
EnerNex facilitated a series of workshops that gathered and documented industry best practices for revenue protection in utilities that have implemented advanced metering. Based on the experience of utilities that had implemented revenue protection utilizing data from their AMI systems, EnerNex documented best practices for analytic algorithms utilizing digital sensors and remote readings.
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Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), National Grid
Buffalo Niagara Medical Campus (BNMC) Microgrid Design
EnerNex worked with EPRI to identify microgrid configuration, DER types, and potential interconnection and operational microgrid issues. EnerNex’s work supported
EPRI and National Grid team review and classification of different microgrid applications and operating modes for the DERs that were evaluated. Qualitative information generated included:
• Description of the microgrid configuration, the existing loads, type of DERs, power distribution infrastructure
• Description of the desired functional objectives of the microgrid
• Requirements regarding the voltage and frequency range to be maintained
• Requirements on how to manage load and DERs for a seamless and non-seamless transition to islanded mode
Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)
Integrated Threat Analysis Framework (ITAF)
EnerNex supported EPRI as part of its Integrated Threat Analysis Framework (ITAF) project. The project built upon EPRIs Integrated Security Operations Center (ISOC) efforts and developed an event analysis framework for correlating cyber security, physical security, and power system events. The main elements of the framework included use case examples and templates, identification of operational data sources and data attributes, and guidance on event detection and correlation involving the power system related data. The project focused on the aggregation of data from multiple domains (Information Technology, Operations Technology, Physical, threat indicators, etc.) to provides a view across the entire utility enterprise and to determining how to use this information to support decision making and incident response. Emphasis was placed on addressing the challenges induced by the variability and dynamic nature of the operational environment and the difficulties encountered when using this type of data with traditional, static threat scenarios.
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Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)
EPRI Secure Remote Substation Access Solutions
EnerNex supported the EPRI efforts to address utility requirements associated with secure remote access of electric utility substation cyber assets. These requirements are driven by a combination of utility defined use cases, NERC Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) standards, and guidance outlined within NISTIR 7628: Guidelines for Smart Grid Cybersecurity.
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Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)
Integrated Security Operations Center (ISOC), Substation and Field Device Integration
EnerNex supported the EPRI efforts relating to utility evolution to an Integrated Security Operation Center (ISOC) architecture. An ISOC is designed to collect, integrate, and analyze alarms and logs from traditionally siloed organizations, providing much greater situational awareness to the utility’s security team. This project provides guidelines and recommendations for integrating substation and field domain systems utilized in electric transmission and distribution environments into an Integrated Security operations Center (ISOC). To accomplish this, a multistep process was utilized in this project including:
• Identifying Operational Technology (OT), physical security, and communications devices potentially located within a substation and/or distribution automation system
• Developing a list of possible attack scenarios based upon potential exploit of the identified systems and devices
• Expansion of the attack scenarios into detailed use cases for testing within the EPRI lab
• Validation within the EPRI lab
Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)
A Utility Standards and Technology Adoption Roadmap (2011)
EnerNex analyzed the factors that a utility takes into consideration when selecting which standards to implement. These factors go beyond a simple cost-benefit analysis. They cover a broad range of issues that include the impact on the reliability of the grid, cybersecurity, the safety of the public, and workforce issues. The final roadmap identifies and discusses each of these factors.
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